What is the primary treatment for a tension pneumothorax?

The primary treatment for a tension pneumothorax is needle decompression followed by chest tube insertion. A tension pneumothorax occurs when air enters the pleural space and cannot escape, leading to increased pressure that can collapse the lung on the affected side and push the mediastinum towards the opposite side. This condition can quickly become life-threatening, as it compromises both respiratory and cardiovascular function.

Needle decompression is a life-saving emergency procedure that involves inserting a large-bore needle into the pleural space to allow trapped air to escape and relieve pressure. This immediate action is crucial in stabilizing the patient. Following needle decompression, chest tube insertion is performed to ensure continuous drainage of air (or fluid) from the pleural cavity, preventing recurrence of the tension pneumothorax and allowing the lung to re-expand.

Administering oxygen, intubation, or fluid resuscitation are important in other clinical scenarios but do not address the underlying cause of tension pneumothorax. Oxygen can help improve the patient’s oxygenation, but it does not resolve the pressure build-up in the thoracic cavity. Intubation may be necessary if the patient has significant respiratory distress, but it is not a definitive treatment for the pneumoth