What is the first-line treatment for a patient presenting with a suspected overdose?

In the context of managing a suspected overdose, the priority is to ensure the patient's safety and stability. Establishing an airway and providing supportive care are crucial steps in the initial management of an overdose patient. This approach addresses any immediate life-threatening issues, such as respiratory failure or altered consciousness, which are common complications in overdose scenarios. Supportive care includes monitoring vital signs, providing oxygen if needed, and preparing for further interventions based on the specific substance involved in the overdose.

Providing activated charcoal, while important in some cases to limit drug absorption, is not appropriate if the patient has a decreased level of consciousness or an impaired airway, as it could lead to aspiration. Administering intravenous fluids can be part of subsequent care to manage hypotension or dehydration, but it does not replace the need for immediate airway management. Inducing vomiting is no longer recommended as a routine practice because it can cause more harm than good, especially if the patient is at risk for aspiration.

Thus, the best first-line approach is to establish an airway and ensure supportive care, as these actions directly address the most critical aspects of overdose management.